Certified Post Anesthesia Nurse (CPAN) Practice Exam

What is the most significant risk factor to monitor in a patient post-anesthesia?

1. Signs of infection

2. Blood pressure fluctuations

3. Respiratory depression

4. Fever

The correct answer is: Respiratory depression

Monitoring for respiratory depression in a patient post-anesthesia is crucial due to the high risk of airway compromise and reduced oxygenation that can occur after sedation and anesthesia. Anesthesia agents often depress the central nervous system, leading to inadequate respiratory drive or muscle function. This can result in decreased ventilation, hypoxemia, and ultimately, respiratory failure if not promptly identified and managed. Recognizing the signs of respiratory depression, such as decreased respiratory rate, shallow breathing, or changes in oxygen saturation levels, allows for timely interventions such as oxygen supplementation or re-establishing the airway. While other factors such as blood pressure fluctuations, signs of infection, and fever are important to monitor, they are not as immediately life-threatening as respiratory issues in the post-anesthesia phase. Blood pressure changes can indicate a variety of conditions, signs of infection can develop later, and fever often relates to other concerns that may arise after the initial recovery period. Thus, the emphasis on respiratory function directly addresses a critical component of patient safety immediately following anesthesia.